KAPPA light Chains CISH Kit

The Kappa Light Chains CISH Kit from Empire Genomics detects kappa (κ) light chain mRNA in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH). The kit is optimized for automated workflows on the NeoPath Pro Automated Slide Stainer, which allows laboratories to process multiple slides efficiently while maintaining tissue morphology for brightfield microscopy.

This kit includes a probe that binds specifically to kappa light chain mRNA transcripts expressed in B lymphocytes and plasma cells. As a result, laboratories can visualize cells expressing κ immunoglobulin light chains within tissue sections. Moreover, the chromogenic workflow preserves the histological context of the sample, enabling clear cellular localization.

After hybridization, the digoxigenin-labeled probe reacts with a peroxidase-based chromogenic detection system using DAB. Consequently, the reaction produces a visible signal at the hybridization site, allowing laboratories to observe kappa light chain mRNA expression directly within FFPE tissue sections.

Kappa Light Chain Expression in B Cells

Immunoglobulins consist of two heavy chains and two light chains, and the light chains occur in two forms: kappa (κ) or lambda (λ). During B-cell development, gene rearrangements generate functional immunoglobulin molecules. Therefore, each B cell expresses only one light chain type.

Human B lymphocytes express either kappa or lambda light chains, but never both simultaneously. Under normal conditions, about 60% of B cells express kappa light chains, whereas 40% express lambda light chains. As a result, reactive lymphoid tissue typically shows a balanced polyclonal pattern of light chain expression.

However, B-cell lymphomas arise from the clonal expansion of a single transformed B lymphocyte. Consequently, these cells produce immunoglobulins containing only one type of light chain, either kappa or lambda. Because of this, evaluating light chain expression within a cell population helps laboratories study clonality and cell distribution patterns within lymphoid tissues.

Automated CISH Workflow

The Kappa Light Chains CISH Kit for NeoPath Pro supports automated chromogenic in situ hybridization workflows. First, the labeled probe hybridizes to complementary kappa light chain mRNA sequences in cells expressing these transcripts. Next, an enzyme-linked detection system generates a chromogenic signal that becomes visible using brightfield microscopy.

Automation with the NeoPath Pro streamlines laboratory workflow. In addition, automated reagent delivery and controlled hybridization conditions help laboratories achieve consistent and reproducible staining results across all slides.

Kit Components

Kit Size: 20 Tests

Key Features

• Detects kappa (κ) light chain mRNA in FFPE tissue sections

• Optimized for automated workflows on the NeoPath Pro

• Uses chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) for brightfield visualization

• Enables localization of kappa light chain expression within tissue architecture

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